Gregor Mendel

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1. 01

   Inherited traits, like flower color, pass down as pairs of separate "instructions," not blended like paint, but following predictable rules.

   Experiments on Plant Hybridization · 1866

   Inherited traits are passed as separate units, not blended, following fixed ratios.

   Mendel grew thousands of pea plants and patiently counted how many had white flowers versus purple ones. He found traits never blend halfway but appear in fixed ratios, like three to one. These separate instructions are what we now call genes, passed unchanged from parent to child.

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