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If the prince wins and keeps his state, the means he used will be judged honorable, whatever they were.

Niccolò Machiavelli · Principele · 1532 · capitolul 181 minute readpublic domain
Let a prince therefore act to conquer and to maintain the state: the means will always be judged honorable and praised by everyone.Niccolò Machiavelli · Principele · 1532 · capitolul 18

Success rewrites the past: the same deeds become vision if he won and crimes if he lost.

Machiavelli describes a mechanism of collective hypocrisy: moral judgment of means is written after the fact. When a ruler succeeds, his cruelties and deceptions are reinterpreted as vision and firmness; when he fails, the same acts become crimes. A concrete example is history written by the winners: a usurper who succeeds is called a founding father, while one who fails is called a tyrant.

Why it mattersIt helps one read critically the political and business rhetoric that justifies any means by success.

wins, harshmeans: visionloses, harshmeans: crimeswins, fairmeans: virtueloses, fairmeans: forgotten
Same criterion of means, opposite verdicts depending on outcome

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