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olivLaw · US equity research

Nebius Group N.V. NBIS

Services-Computer Programming, Data Processing, Etc. · SIC 7370 · Vertical: Services-Computer Programming, Data Processing, Etc. (SIC 7370)

141.52USD−6.67% · 1 dayClose 04 Nov 2026

Nebius Group N.V. is a full-stack AI cloud platform with in-house designed hardware and software, covering everything from compute capacity to inference services at enterprise scale. The company has expanded infrastructure quickly, with approximately 170 MW of active power at December 31, 2025 and more than 2 GW of contracted power in February 2026, as demand for AI capacity remains strong.

The AI analysis may be outdated: new filings came after its sources (see the «AI analysis» section).

At the close of 04 Nov 2026, Nebius Group N.V. (NBIS) stock was 141.52 USD (−6.67% on the day), with market capitalisation 35.8 bn USD, P/E 428.8 on diluted EPS of 0.33 USD over the last 12 months, beta 2.95, 52-week range 73.87–286.69 USD.

Data as of · AI analysis dated · Source: SEC filings and closing prices, computed by olivLaw.

Market cap
35.8 bn USD
shares as of 31 Dec 2025
P/E (TTM)
428.8
Diluted EPS TTM 0.33 · TTM to 31 Dec 2025
E/P (TTM)
0.23%
TTM to 31 Dec 2025
Dividend yield
unavailable
Beta (2y)
2.95
Volatility (1y) 108%
52-week range
73.87286.69

Price history

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Technical reading

RSI (14)
34.6
weak (30–45)
Bollinger (20, 2)
127.65 – 221.90
in the lower half of the band · %B 0.15 · band width 53.9%
SMA 50 / 200
205.35 / 178.11
mixed trend
MACD (12, 26, 9)
-18.00 / -16.00
MACD below signal

Indicators describe past prices; on their own they do not predict direction. On our history the RSI ≤ 40 filter added no return (see the signals methodology).

Performance

CompanyS&P 500vs S&P 500Vertical median
1 month−39.1%−1.1%−38.1 pp—
3 months−35.4%−0.5%−34.9 pp—
6 months−27.5%+4.4%−31.9 pp—
Year to date+69.1%+12.3%+56.8 pp—
1 year+28.0%+13.5%+14.5 pp−21.0%
3 yearsunavailable+76.4%unavailable+0.8%
5 yearsunavailable+63.7%unavailable—
Max drawdown (1y)
−50.7%
18 Jun 2026 → 02 Nov 2026
Max drawdown (5y)
−58.3%
18 Feb 2025 → 08 Apr 2025
Compound annual growth (5y)
unavailable
S&P 500 +10.4%

Price returns, dividends excluded.

Quarterly results

ESEF annual reports carry no quarters: the results are annual (below).

E/P over time

E/P = trailing-12-month diluted EPS / price at quarter end. E/P is the inverse of P/E and stays defined when earnings are negative.

Today's P/E sits at the 100 percentile of its own 1-quarter history (min 253.7, median 253.7, max 253.7; quarters with earnings only).

Fiscal years

Fiscal year2018201920202021⚠ 2022202320242025
Revenue1.8 bn2.2 bn3.0 bn4.8 bn13.5 m9.8 m91.5 m529.8 m
Revenue YoY+12.5%+21.0%+32.9%+62.2%—−27.4%+833.7%+479.0%
Net income660.1 m142.0 m326.9 m-197.2 m745.6 m241.3 m-641.4 m82.5 m
Net income YoY+339.2%−78.5%+130.2%−160.3%—−67.6%−365.8%unavailable
Diluted EPS2.040.480.98-0.541.590.65-2.280.33
Diluted EPS YoY+343.5%−76.5%+104.2%−155.1%—−59.1%−450.8%unavailable
net %35.9%6.4%11.1%-4.1%5,523.0%2,462.2%-701.0%15.6%
Free cash flow-1.6 m302.3 m109.0 m-475.5 m682.4 m746.9 m-561.9 m-3.7 bn

The series breaks before 2022: earlier years come from the original reports of the issuer of that time, later years from a subsequent filing that restated the perimeter (a separation, discontinued operations). The year-on-year change across the break is not shown.

Reported results vs expectations

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Balance sheet & financial health

Fiscal year 2025 · 31 Dec 2025

Cash
3.7 bn USD
Financial debt
4.1 bn USD
Net debt
449.6 m USD
Equity
4.6 bn USD
Total assets
12.4 bn USD
Debt / equity
0.90x
Current ratio
3.08x
ROE
2.1%
ROA
1.0%
FCF margin
-694.8%

Financial statements (source on every figure)

Revenue and net income (USD)

Margins

Income statement · USD

Revenue
2023
9.8 m
2024
91.5 m
2025
529.8 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Cost of revenue
2023
19.6 m
2024
43.7 m
2025
166.2 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Gross profit
2023
-9.8 m ≈
2024
47.8 m ≈
2025
363.6 m ≈

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026derived

Research & development
2023
87.1 m
2024
114.8 m
2025
177.3 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

SG&A
2023
159.5 m
2024
255.5 m
2025
380.1 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Operating income
2023
-285.7 m
2024
-399.6 m
2025
-611.7 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Depreciation & amortisation
2023
29.3 m
2024
77.1 m
2025
417.9 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

EBITDA
2023
-256.4 m ≈
2024
-322.5 m ≈
2025
-193.8 m ≈

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026derived

Interest expense
2023
121.1 m
2024
0
2025
61.5 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Pre-tax income
2023
-297.0 m
2024
-353.0 m
2025
13.8 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Income tax
2023
2.0 m
2024
-1.0 m
2025
4.0 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Net income
2023
241.3 m
2024
-641.4 m
2025
82.5 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Diluted EPS
2023
0.65
2024
-2.28
2025
0.33

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Weighted average diluted shares
2023
370.8 m
2024
281.0 m
2025
247.7 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Balance sheet · USD

Cash
2023
110.7 m
2024
2.4 bn
2025
3.7 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Receivables
2023
4.1 m
2024
11.2 m
2025
720.3 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Inventories
2023
237.2 m
2024
—
2025
—

SEC (XBRL)· 26 Apr 2024verified

Current assets
2023
3.5 bn
2024
2.5 bn
2025
4.7 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Property, plant & equipment, net
2023
128.2 m
2024
846.7 m
2025
5.6 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Goodwill
2023
1.6 bn
2024
—
2025
—

SEC (XBRL)· 26 Apr 2024verified

Intangibles (excl. goodwill)
2023
4.2 m
2024
4.9 m
2025
19.7 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Total assets
2023
8.8 bn
2024
3.5 bn
2025
12.4 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Accounts payable
2023
56.5 m
2024
228.0 m
2025
1.2 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Short-term debt
2023
6.8 m
2024
6.1 m
2025
24.5 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Long-term debt
2023
551.2 m
2024
—
2025
4.1 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Current liabilities
2023
3.9 bn
2024
264.0 m
2025
1.5 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Total liabilities
2023
5.5 bn
2024
294.9 m
2025
7.8 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Equity
2023
3.3 bn
2024
3.3 bn
2025
4.6 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Cash flow · USD

Operating cash flow
2023
829.8 m
2024
245.6 m
2025
384.8 m

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Capex
2023
82.9 m
2024
807.5 m
2025
4.1 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Free cash flow
2023
746.9 m ≈
2024
-561.9 m ≈
2025
-3.7 bn ≈

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026derived

Investing cash flow
2023
-1.2 bn
2024
311.6 m
2025
-4.2 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Financing cash flow
2023
375.6 m
2024
825.5 m
2025
5.1 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 30 Apr 2026verified

Share repurchases
2023
—
2024
—
2025
—

SEC (XBRL)· 20 Apr 2022verified

Computed indicators

Growth

Revenue growth (YoY)
479.0%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Revenue CAGR 3Y
239.8%
computed by olivLawFY 2022 → FY 2025
Revenue CAGR 5Y
-29.1%
computed by olivLawFY 2020 → FY 2025
EBIT growth (YoY)
unavailable
the base of the ratio is not positive
Net income growth (YoY)
unavailable
the base of the ratio is not positive
Net income CAGR 3Y
-52.0%
computed by olivLawFY 2022 → FY 2025
Net income CAGR 5Y
-24.1%
computed by olivLawFY 2020 → FY 2025
EPS growth (YoY)
unavailable
the base of the ratio is not positive
EPS CAGR 3Y
-40.8%
computed by olivLawFY 2022 → FY 2025
EPS CAGR 5Y
-19.6%
computed by olivLawFY 2020 → FY 2025
FCF growth (YoY)
unavailable
the base of the ratio is not positive

Profitability

Gross margin
68.6%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
EBITDA margin
-36.6%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
EBIT margin
-115.5%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Net margin
15.6%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
FCF margin
-694.8%
computed by olivLawFY 2025

Returns

ROE
2.1%
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
ROA
1.0%
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
ROIC
-14.8%
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
ROCE
-5.6%
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Payout ratio (EPS)
unavailable
input data missing
Payout ratio (FCF)
unavailable
input data missing

Balance sheet

Net debt
449.6 m USD
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Net debt / EBITDA
unavailable
insufficient data
Debt / equity
0.9x
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Interest coverage
-9.9x
computed by olivLawFY 2025

Liquidity

Current ratio
3.1x
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Cash ratio
2.4x
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025

Cash

Operating cash flow
384.8 m USD
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Capital expenditure
4.1 bn USD
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Free cash flow
-3.7 bn USD
computed by olivLawFY 2025
FCF conversion
-4,462.1%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Cash conversion
unavailable
insufficient data

Efficiency

Days sales outstanding
252 days
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Days payables outstanding
1,579 days
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025

Market and valuation

Market capitalisation
35.8 bn USD
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Enterprise value
36.3 bn USD
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Market cap / net income TTM
434.0x
computed by olivLawFY 2025
P/E (TTM)
428.8x
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Earnings yield
0.2%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
P/B
7.8x
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
P/S
67.6x
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
EV/EBITDA
unavailable
insufficient data
EV/EBIT
unavailable
insufficient data
EV/Sales
68.4x
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
P/FCF
unavailable
the base of the ratio is not positive
FCF yield
-10.3%
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Dividend yield
unavailable
input data missing
Shareholder yield (distributions)
unavailable
input data missing

4 indicators that do not apply to the sector.

Valuation

olivLaw classification

Neutral profile

Score: 45 / 100

A scoring methodology on indicators and valuation, not investment advice.

Closing price

141.52 USD

04 Nov 2026Source: olivLaw, closing series

Market cap: 35.8 bn USD

Key indicators

Market capitalisation
35.8 bn USD
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
P/E (TTM)
428.8x
computed by olivLawFY 2025
P/B
7.8x
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
EV/EBITDA
unavailable
insufficient data
ROE
2.1%
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Net margin
15.6%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Revenue growth (YoY)
479.0%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Dividend yield
unavailable
input data missing

Coverage and freshness

34/37 reporting lines present
Latest full fiscal year: 2025
Latest reported period: 31 Dec 2025
Latest balance sheet date: 31 Dec 2025
Source: SEC (XBRL)published 30 Apr 2026
verified 439

Score by group

  • Balance sheet100
  • Growth100
  • Valuation0
  • Quality30

Estimated value range

Low
0.06
USD per share
Mid
1.84
USD per share
High
12.10
USD per share
Price: 141.52 USD
The price is above the range
Potential to the central value: -98.7% (value / price − 1)
Margin of safety: -7,593.7% (1 − price / value)
Agreement between methods: single method · 1 methods used · 1 independent bases

The combined range = the median of the valid methods' low, central and high values; it is not a probability interval and does not cover every result. Envelope of all methods: 0.06 – 12.10 USD.

Valuation assumptions are editorial choices, not measured; beta is not measured.

Method ranges (USD per share)

— — Mid · ▏ Price

Valuation methods

  • DCF (discounted cash flow)unavailable · the base of the ratio is not positive
  • Peers: EV/Sales0.06 – 12.10 (Mid 1.84)
    14 companies used · median multiple 1.7x · quartiles 0.9x – 6.6x
    APP, BMBL, DOCN, FLUT, GOOGL, HCAT, LGCL, MTCH, NIQ, RXT, SIFY, SNAP, TEAD, WB
  • Peers: EV/EBITDAunavailable · the base of the ratio is not positive
Multiple comparisons use the SIC vertical: Services-Computer Programming, Data Processing, Etc. (SIC 7370)

Classification (SIC) comparables group by industry code, not by economic activity; the direct group is an editorial selection by activity. Members' multiples are on their own trailing twelve months, at their own latest close.

Assumptions (illustrative, editorial)

Risk-free rate
4.3%
Equity risk premium
5.0%
Beta (default)
1.00
Cost of equity
9.3%
Terminal growth
2.5%

Factor scorecard

Neutral profile · Score 45/100

FactorValueScoreWeight used
Gross margin · Quality68.6%72 (on a fixed band)12%
EBIT margin · Quality-115.5%8 (vs peers)10%
FCF margin · Quality-694.8%0 (on a fixed band)10%
Revenue CAGR 3Y · Growth239.8%100 (on a fixed band)19%
Revenue growth (YoY) · Growth479.0%100 (vs peers)10%
Net debt / EBITDA · Balance sheetunavailableunavailable—
Current ratio · Balance sheet3.1x100 (on a fixed band)7%
EV/Sales · Valuation68.4x0 (vs peers)19%
FCF yield · Valuation-10.3%0 (on a fixed band)14%
Shareholder yield (distributions) · Returnsunavailableunavailable—

Factors without a value were dropped; the remaining weights were renormalised.

Score groups

  • Balance sheet· partial100/100 · 1/2 factors with a value
  • Growth100/100 · 2/2 factors with a value
  • Quality30/100 · 3/3 factors with a value
  • Returns· partialunavailable · 0/1 factors with a value
  • Valuation0/100 · 2/2 factors with a value

A «partial» group is computed from under half of its weight or from one factor: it is not a full assessment of the group.

Memo

NEBIUS GROUP N.V. (NBIS). Latest full fiscal year: 2025; data up to 2025-12-31.

Figures computed from the financial statements: revenue 529.8 m USD in 2025; YoY growth 479.0%; net margin 15.6%; ROE 2.1%.

The estimated value range is 0.06–12.10 USD per share (median of 1 methods, agreement: single method); assumptions are illustrative. Against the central value of 1.84 USD, the price of 141.52 USD leaves a potential of -98.7% (value / price − 1) and a margin of safety of -7,593.7% (1 − price / value). The range is the median of the methods' low, central and high values, not a probability interval.

olivLaw score 45/100, methodological classification: neutral profile (score, margin of safety and method agreement together; not a judgement of the right price). Groups assessed only in part: balance, returns. Not investment advice.

Text generated deterministically from the figures shown; no language model. Not investment advice.

What supports the thesis

  • Gross margin: 68.6%
  • Revenue CAGR 3Y: 239.8%
  • Revenue growth (YoY): 479.0%
  • Current ratio: 3.1x

What contradicts it

  • EBIT margin: -115.5%
  • FCF margin: -694.8%
  • EV/Sales: 68.4x
  • FCF yield: -10.3%
  • The price is above the estimated value range

Not assessed (insufficient data or a ratio without meaning): Net debt / EBITDA, Shareholder yield (distributions).

Versus the vertical median

Services-Computer Programming, Data Processing, Etc. (SIC 7370) · same industry (4-digit SIC) · compared with 39 companies

Multiples and returns vs the median

P/E
428.8x
vertical median 21.5x
above median (+1,897.0%)
EV/EBITDA
—
vertical median 14.9x
P/S
67.6x
vertical median 1.8x
above median (+3,587.3%)
P/B
7.8x
vertical median 1.9x
above median (+319.8%)
ROE
2.1%
vertical median -2.1%
above median
Net margin
15.6%
vertical median -1.8%
above median
EBIT margin
-115.5%
vertical median -0.2%
below median
Revenue YoY
479.0%
vertical median 10.3%
above median (+4,537.6%)
Net debt/EBITDA
—
vertical median 2.0x
Dividend yield
—
vertical median 1.2%

Price rebased to 100 (monthly, 5 years)

Companies in the vertical

Market capP/EROENet marginRevenue YoY1A / 3A
GOOGLAlphabet Inc.3,552.1 bn15.144.3%50.0%+15.1%−10% / +118%
APPAppLovin Corporation90.0 bn18.3210.1%65.9%+70.0%−55% / +625%
NBISNebius Group N.V.35.8 bn428.82.1%15.6%+479.0%+28% / unavailable
FLUTFlutter Entertainment plc14.2 bn—-14.3%-7.1%+16.6%−61% / −48%
SNAPSnap Inc10.2 bn—-15.6%-4.9%+10.6%−23% / −57%
DOCNDigitalOcean Holdings, Inc.9.9 bn281.35.1%3.1%+15.5%+89% / +184%
MTCHMatch Group, Inc.9.1 bn13.7—20.7%+0.2%+21% / +24%
NIQNIQ Global Intelligence plc6.0 bn—-65.3%-8.0%+5.7%+29% / unavailable
SIFYSify Technologies Ltd5.8 bn—-4.1%-2.0%+9.0%+20% / +53%
WIXWix.com Ltd.4.4 bn91.5—2.5%+13.2%−16% / −21%
DVDoubleVerify Holdings, Inc.2.1 bn34.05.8%8.2%+13.9%+29% / −59%
BZKanzhun Limited1.7 bn41.616.0%33.1%+17.3%−21% / +6%
WBWeibo Corporation1.6 bn3.812.1%25.6%+0.1%−35% / −36%
HSTMHealthstream Inc949.7 m45.46.0%6.6%+4.3%+29% / +30%
NXDRNextdoor Holdings, Inc934.4 m—-7.2%-11.1%+4.2%unavailable / unavailable
CEVACeva, Inc.788.9 m—-3.6%-9.5%+2.5%+30% / +29%
BMBLBumble Inc.718.8 m—-85.9%-61.8%−9.9%+69% / −57%
RXTRackspace Technology, Inc.716.2 m——-5.9%−1.9%+165% / +123%
HUYAHUYA Inc.470.7 m—-1.9%-1.7%+11.6%−27% / −38%
BLNDBlend Labs, Inc.302.7 m——-3.3%+6.8%−59% / +1%
HCATHealth Catalyst, Inc.119.7 m—-118.1%-90.6%+1.5%−47% / −78%
JFJ & Friends Holdings Ltd68.4 m——-82.9%−66.8%−3% / −17%
GOAIEva Live Inc31.8 m—-58.5%-39.3%+82.6%unavailable / unavailable
HOLOMicroCloud Hologram Inc.27.2 m—-2.3%-12.4%+38.6%−66% / −100%
TEADTeads Holding Co.27.0 m—-196.2%-43.3%+46.1%−61% / −93%

1- and 3-year price returns: for NBIS from daily closes (the same as the performance table), for the other companies from month-end closes.

olivLaw engine forecast

The world engine ran after the company's latest material disclosure. Probabilities are of TOUCHING a level within the horizon (not closing there) and sit next to the random walk (p_rw), the no-information benchmark.

The engine has no published run for this company yet.

Valuation scenarios (editable assumptions)

Illustrative scenarios

Illustrative: not forecasts and without probabilities. Each case is one coherent set of assumptions, computed on today's figures.

Bear
Allowed range: -50 … 50%
Allowed range: -100 … 100%
Allowed range: 0 … 100
Allowed range: -10 … 20%
Allowed range: 0 … 100%
Base
Allowed range: -50 … 50%
Allowed range: -100 … 100%
Allowed range: 0 … 100
Allowed range: -10 … 20%
Allowed range: 0 … 100%
Bull
Allowed range: -50 … 50%
Allowed range: -100 … 100%
Allowed range: 0 … 100
Allowed range: -10 … 20%
Allowed range: 0 … 100%
Nothing is saved.

Estimated price (USD)

Estimated priceBearBaseBull
1 years
91.38
Total return -35% · Per year -35%
160.81
Total return 14% · Per year 14%
241.21
Total return 70% · Per year 70%
3 years
108.39
Total return -23% · Per year -9%
212.67
Total return 50% · Per year 15%
347.34
Total return 145% · Per year 35%
5 years
128.56
Total return -9% · Per year -2%
281.25
Total return 99% · Per year 15%
500.18
Total return 253% · Per year 29%
What moves the 3-year price the most
  • Exit P/E± 53.17
  • Net margin± 37.22
  • Annual revenue growth± 27.76
  • Annual dilution± 3.13

AI analysis

AI-generatedAI-generated analysis (Claude) from cited public sources; it may contain errors. Not investment advice. As of 27 Oct 2026 · Model: claude-haiku-5-5.

Possibly outdated: the newest document it read is from 30 Apr 2026; since then the company filed 6-K (22 Oct 2026), 6-K (01 Oct 2026), 6-K (08 Sept 2026), 6-K (26 Aug 2026), 6-K (24 Aug 2026), 6-K (20 Aug 2026).

In brief

Nebius Group N.V. is a full-stack AI cloud platform with in-house designed hardware and software, covering everything from compute capacity to inference services at enterprise scale. The company has expanded infrastructure quickly, with approximately 170 MW of active power at December 31, 2025 and more than 2 GW of contracted power in February 2026, as demand for AI capacity remains strong 1.

SWOT

Strengths

  • Integrated platform from in-house hardware design through MLOps software and inference services, with a data center design focused on energy efficiency 1.
  • Close partnerships with chipmakers and OEMs and a record of being among the first to deploy new GPU generations 1.
  • Global presence across Europe, the United States and the Middle East, with contracted capacity growing rapidly 1.

Weaknesses

  • The core business is capital-intensive and not currently profitable, making the company dependent on continued access to financing 1.
  • Reliance on a limited number of suppliers for sophisticated hardware creates risk of delays and cost increases 1.
  • Limited experience managing long-term customer contracts, and two material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting 1.

Opportunities

  • Enterprise demand for secure AI infrastructure and purpose-built cloud could grow if AI adoption accelerates 1.
  • Expansion into new geographic markets and technology acquisitions, such as agentic search services, could broaden the customer base 1.
  • Growth potential in the Avride and TripleTen units within autonomous vehicles and online education 1.

Threats

  • A slowdown or reprioritization of customer AI spending could materially hurt revenue growth 1.
  • AI, data and export regulations may constrain the business model across several jurisdictions 1.
  • Geopolitical tensions and cybersecurity risks could disrupt operations and supply chains 1.

Risks

  • Dependence on external financinghigh

    The company has raised capital through equity and convertible notes and may need new sources if capital costs rise or markets tighten 1.

  • Customer concentrationmedium

    Most customers are concentrated in the United States, and contracts with a few large customers make revenue sensitive to their decisions 1.

  • Data center execution riskhigh

    Site identification, power procurement and construction could be delayed, which could reduce expected revenue from new capacity 1.

  • Weak internal controlsmedium

    Two material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting could lead to delayed or inaccurate reporting if not remediated 1.

  • Share price volatility and dilutionmedium

    The Class A share price has been volatile, and future equity issuances could dilute existing shareholders 1.

Investment thesis

What would need to be true (bull case)

  • If demand for AI cloud stays strong, the company's in-house infrastructure and long-term contracts could support revenue growth over several years 1.
  • Rapidly contracted capacity could convert into recurring revenue if construction projects finish on schedule 1.
  • Diversification into software, inference and the Avride and TripleTen units could add further revenue sources 1.

What would break the thesis

  • The company is currently unprofitable and depends on continued external financing, which could limit its ability to reach growth targets 1.
  • If customers reduce or defer AI spending, industry overcapacity could pressure prices and margins 1.
  • Geopolitical, regulatory and security risks could disrupt operations and raise compliance costs 1.

What to watch

  • Pace at which contracted capacity in new data centers is brought online2026
  • Trajectory of capital expenditures and financing needsQ1 2027
  • Progress in remediating the material weaknesses in internal controlnext 10-K
  • Adoption of the Token Factory service and token-based revenue2027

Products, market & competition

AI-generatedAI-generated analysis (Claude) from cited public sources; it may contain errors. Not investment advice. As of 27 Oct 2026 · Model: claude-haiku-5-5.

Possibly outdated: the newest document it read is from 30 Apr 2026; since then the company filed 6-K (22 Oct 2026), 6-K (01 Oct 2026), 6-K (08 Sept 2026), 6-K (26 Aug 2026), 6-K (24 Aug 2026), 6-K (20 Aug 2026).

The business

Nebius builds and operates a multi-tenant AI cloud offering high-performance GPU clusters, storage, managed services and tools for model training and inference. The company designs servers, racks and data center architecture in-house, which it says reduces total cost of ownership for customers 1. Headquartered in Amsterdam, its Class A shares are listed on Nasdaq 1.

Segments

Nebius AI Cloud

This is the main segment, generating revenue from GPU compute (IaaS), storage, networking and MLOps and AIOps software layers, including Token Factory, an inference service priced per token 1. Customers can choose pay-as-you-go pricing or reserved capacity contracts, and the company signed five-year contracts with Microsoft and Meta 1.

Avride

The unit develops autonomous driving technology for vehicles and delivery robots. According to the filing, its contribution to revenue has been limited so far, and the business is capital-intensive and at an early stage 1.

TripleTen

This unit provides online educational services and boot camp programs for career transition into technology, with revenue generated from student tuition 1.

Market context

The company operates in the AI-specialized cloud market, where demand for GPUs currently exceeds supply and enterprise AI adoption is accelerating. The filing describes the market as immature and rapidly changing, and the company's growth forecasts could prove inaccurate 1.

Trends

  • Strong demand for AI capacitytailwind

    Growing AI workloads raise demand for high-performance computing, which could support growth for specialized cloud providers if demand stays high 1.

  • GPU and component shortagesheadwind

    The imbalance between GPU demand and supply, along with supply chain constraints, could delay capacity expansion and raise costs 1.

  • Competition for power and talentheadwind

    Competition for electrical power, engineering talent and data center staff could slow construction and raise operating costs 1.

  • More efficient AI modelsmixed

    Development of models requiring less computation could reduce or change demand for the company's offerings, although it may also expand overall AI adoption 1.

Competitive position

The filing points to significant and evolving competition, including from other AI-specialized cloud providers and large cloud platforms, and the company says it aims to differentiate through integrated software and value-added services 1. Pricing pressure could reduce margins if it becomes sustained 1.

  • MicrosoftMSFT

    Major customer with a five-year contracted capacity arrangement, as noted in the filing 1.

  • Meta PlatformsMETA

    Major customer with a five-year contracted capacity arrangement, as noted in the filing 1.

  • NVIDIANVDA

    Strategic GPU partner and essential hardware supplier, not described in the filing as a direct competitor 1.

  • ClickHouse

    Company in which Nebius holds a significant stake after being spun out of the group, as mentioned in the filing 1.

News & filings

In the press

Sources

  1. [1] Form 20-F, fiscal year ended 2025-12-31 · SEC / Nebius Group N.V. · 30 Apr 2026

Figures computed by olivLaw from SEC filings and closing prices; the qualitative analysis is AI-generated from cited sources. Not investment advice.