olivlawolivlaw

olivLaw · US equity research

Novo Nordisk A/S NVO

Pharmaceutical Preparations · SIC 2834 · Vertical: Pharmaceutical Preparations (SIC 2834)

42.18USD+4.95% · 1 dayClose 04 Nov 2026

Novo Nordisk is a Danish pharmaceutical company and a world leader in obesity and diabetes care, with products marketed in approximately 170 countries. The company is going through a transformation and intense GLP-1 competition, while patent expirations could weigh on sales from 2026.

The AI analysis may be outdated: new filings came after its sources (see the «AI analysis» section).

At the close of 04 Nov 2026, Novo Nordisk A/S (NVO) stock was 42.18 USD (+4.95% on the day), with beta 0.82, 52-week range 35.29–63.98 USD.

Data as of · AI analysis dated · Source: SEC filings and closing prices, computed by olivLaw.

Market cap
unavailable
P/E (TTM)
unavailable
Diluted EPS TTM 23.03 · TTM to 31 Dec 2025
E/P (TTM)
unavailable
TTM to 31 Dec 2025
Dividend yield
unavailable
Beta (2y)
0.82
Volatility (1y) 47%
52-week range
35.2963.98

Price history

Loading chart…

Technical reading

RSI (14)
65.2
strong (55–70)
Bollinger (20, 2)
37.24 – 41.06
above the upper band · %B 1.29 · band width 9.7%
SMA 50 / 200
40.84 / 43.90
mixed trend
MACD (12, 26, 9)
0.09 / -0.39
MACD above signal

Indicators describe past prices; on their own they do not predict direction. On our history the RSI ≤ 40 filter added no return (see the signals methodology).

Performance

CompanyS&P 500vs S&P 500Vertical median
1 month+12.4%−1.1%+13.5 pp—
3 months−5.3%−0.5%−4.8 pp—
6 months−7.8%+4.4%−12.2 pp—
Year to date−17.1%+12.3%−29.4 pp—
1 year−12.6%+13.5%−26.1 pp+19.6%
3 years−57.0%+76.4%−133.4 pp+33.9%
5 years−25.6%+63.7%−89.3 pp—
Max drawdown (1y)
−44.8%
26 Jan 2026 → 30 Mar 2026
Max drawdown (5y)
−76.0%
25 Jun 2024 → 30 Mar 2026
Compound annual growth (5y)
−5.7%
S&P 500 +10.4%

Price returns, dividends excluded.

Quarterly results

ESEF annual reports carry no quarters: the results are annual (below).

E/P over time

the price (USD) and the reports are in different currencies

E/P = trailing-12-month diluted EPS / price at quarter end. E/P is the inverse of P/E and stays defined when earnings are negative.

Fiscal years

Fiscal year2019202020212022202320242025
Revenue122.0 bn126.9 bn140.8 bn177.0 bn232.3 bn290.4 bn309.1 bn
Revenue YoYunavailable+4.0%+10.9%+25.7%+31.3%+25.0%+6.4%
Net income39.0 bn42.1 bn47.8 bn55.5 bn83.7 bn101.0 bn102.4 bn
Net income YoYunavailable+8.2%+13.3%+16.3%+50.7%+20.7%+1.4%
Diluted EPS16.3818.0110.3712.2218.6222.6323.03
Diluted EPS YoYunavailable+10.0%−42.4%+17.8%+52.4%+21.5%+1.8%
net %31.9%33.2%33.9%31.4%36.0%34.8%33.1%
Free cash flow37.9 bn46.1 bn48.7 bn66.7 bn83.1 bn73.8 bn59.0 bn

Reported results vs expectations

Loading…

Balance sheet & financial health

Fiscal year 2025 · 31 Dec 2025

Cash
26.5 bn DKK
Financial debt
131.0 bn DKK
Net debt
104.5 bn DKK
Equity
194.0 bn DKK
Total assets
542.9 bn DKK
Debt / equity
0.67x
Current ratio
0.80x
ROE
60.7%
ROA
20.3%
FCF margin
19.1%

Financial statements (source on every figure)

Revenue and net income (DKK)

Margins

Income statement · DKK

Revenue
2023
232.3 bn
2024
290.4 bn
2025
309.1 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Cost of revenue
2023
35.8 bn
2024
44.5 bn
2025
58.8 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Gross profit
2023
196.5 bn
2024
245.9 bn
2025
250.3 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Research & development
2023
32.4 bn
2024
48.1 bn
2025
52.0 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Operating income
2023
102.6 bn
2024
128.3 bn
2025
127.7 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Depreciation & amortisation
2023
7.3 bn
2024
8.5 bn
2025
14.7 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

EBITDA
2023
109.9 bn ≈
2024
136.9 bn ≈
2025
142.3 bn ≈

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026derived

Interest expense
2023
845.0 m
2024
7.3 bn
2025
6.8 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Pre-tax income
2023
104.7 bn
2024
127.2 bn
2025
130.5 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Income tax
2023
21.0 bn
2024
26.2 bn
2025
28.1 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Net income
2023
83.7 bn
2024
101.0 bn
2025
102.4 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Diluted EPS
2023
18.62
2024
22.63
2025
23.03

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Weighted average diluted shares
2023
4.5 bn
2024
4.5 bn
2025
4.4 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Balance sheet · DKK

Cash
2023
14.4 bn
2024
15.7 bn
2025
26.5 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Inventories
2023
31.8 bn
2024
40.8 bn
2025
49.6 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Current assets
2023
139.6 bn
2024
161.8 bn
2025
172.5 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Property, plant & equipment, net
2023
91.0 bn
2024
—
2025
—

SEC (XBRL)· 31 Jan 2024verified

Goodwill
2023
—
2024
20.0 bn
2025
19.8 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Intangibles (excl. goodwill)
2023
60.4 bn
2024
90.8 bn
2025
110.2 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Total assets
2023
314.5 bn
2024
465.6 bn
2025
542.9 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Short-term debt
2023
6.5 bn
2024
13.1 bn
2025
12.0 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Long-term debt
2023
20.5 bn
2024
89.7 bn
2025
118.9 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Current liabilities
2023
169.7 bn
2024
217.6 bn
2025
215.7 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Total liabilities
2023
207.9 bn
2024
322.1 bn
2025
348.9 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Equity
2023
106.6 bn
2024
143.5 bn
2025
194.0 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Cash flow · DKK

Operating cash flow
2023
108.9 bn
2024
121.0 bn
2025
119.1 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Capex
2023
25.8 bn
2024
47.2 bn
2025
60.1 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Free cash flow
2023
83.1 bn ≈
2024
73.8 bn ≈
2025
59.0 bn ≈

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026derived

Investing cash flow
2023
-43.9 bn
2024
-128.9 bn
2025
-79.2 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Financing cash flow
2023
-63.2 bn
2024
8.7 bn
2025
-28.4 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Dividends paid
2023
31.8 bn
2024
44.1 bn
2025
51.8 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Share repurchases
2023
29.9 bn
2024
20.2 bn
2025
1.4 bn

SEC (XBRL)· 04 Feb 2026verified

Computed indicators

Growth

Revenue growth (YoY)
6.4%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Revenue CAGR 3Y
20.4%
computed by olivLawFY 2022 → FY 2025
Revenue CAGR 5Y
19.5%
computed by olivLawFY 2020 → FY 2025
EBIT growth (YoY)
-0.5%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Net income growth (YoY)
1.4%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Net income CAGR 3Y
22.6%
computed by olivLawFY 2022 → FY 2025
Net income CAGR 5Y
19.4%
computed by olivLawFY 2020 → FY 2025
EPS growth (YoY)
1.8%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
EPS CAGR 3Y
23.5%
computed by olivLawFY 2022 → FY 2025
EPS CAGR 5Y
5.0%
computed by olivLawFY 2020 → FY 2025
FCF growth (YoY)
-20.1%
computed by olivLawFY 2025

Profitability

Gross margin
81.0%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
EBITDA margin
46.1%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
EBIT margin
41.3%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Net margin
33.1%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
FCF margin
19.1%
computed by olivLawFY 2025

Returns

ROE
60.7%
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
ROA
20.3%
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
ROIC
37.9%
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
ROCE
39.0%
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Payout ratio (EPS)
unavailable
input data missing
Payout ratio (FCF)
87.8%
computed by olivLawFY 2025

Balance sheet

Net debt
104.5 bn DKK
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Net debt / EBITDA
0.7x
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Debt / equity
0.7x
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Interest coverage
18.8x
computed by olivLawFY 2025

Liquidity

Current ratio
0.8x
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Quick ratio
0.6x
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Cash ratio
0.1x
computed by olivLawbalance sheet at 31 Dec 2025

Cash

Operating cash flow
119.1 bn DKK
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Capital expenditure
60.1 bn DKK
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Free cash flow
59.0 bn DKK
computed by olivLawFY 2025
FCF conversion
57.6%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Cash conversion
83.7%
computed by olivLawFY 2025

Efficiency

Days sales outstanding
unavailable
input data missing
Days inventory outstanding
281 days
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Days payables outstanding
unavailable
input data missing
Cash conversion cycle
unavailable
input data missing

Market and valuation

Market capitalisation
unavailable
input data missing
Enterprise value
unavailable
input data missing
Market cap / net income TTM
unavailable
input data missing
P/E (TTM)
unavailable
input data missing
Earnings yield
unavailable
input data missing
P/B
unavailable
input data missing
P/S
unavailable
input data missing
EV/EBITDA
unavailable
input data missing
EV/EBIT
unavailable
input data missing
EV/Sales
unavailable
input data missing
P/FCF
unavailable
input data missing
FCF yield
unavailable
input data missing
Dividend yield
unavailable
input data missing
Shareholder yield (distributions)
unavailable
input data missing

1 indicators that do not apply to the sector.

Valuation

olivLaw classification

Neutral profile

Score: 70 / 100

A scoring methodology on indicators and valuation, not investment advice.

Closing price

42.18 USD

04 Nov 2026Source: olivLaw, closing series

Market cap: unavailable

Price and reporting are in different currencies; market indicators are unavailable.

Key indicators

Market capitalisation
unavailable
input data missing
P/E (TTM)
unavailable
input data missing
P/B
unavailable
input data missing
EV/EBITDA
unavailable
input data missing
ROE
60.7%
computed by olivLawFY 2025 · balance sheet at 31 Dec 2025
Net margin
33.1%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Revenue growth (YoY)
6.4%
computed by olivLawFY 2025
Dividend yield
unavailable
input data missing

Coverage and freshness

32/37 reporting lines present
Latest full fiscal year: 2025
Latest reported period: 31 Dec 2025
Latest balance sheet date: 31 Dec 2025
Source: SEC (XBRL)published 04 Feb 2026
verified 206

Score by group

  • Balance sheet44
  • Returns46
  • Quality76
  • Growth100

Estimated value range

unavailable — no valuation assumptions for the reporting currency

Valuation assumptions are editorial choices, not measured; beta is not measured.

Valuation methods

    Multiple comparisons use the SIC vertical: Pharmaceutical Preparations (SIC 2834)

    Classification (SIC) comparables group by industry code, not by economic activity; the direct group is an editorial selection by activity. Members' multiples are on their own trailing twelve months, at their own latest close.

    Assumptions (illustrative, editorial)

    Risk-free rate
    6.5%
    Equity risk premium
    6.0%
    Beta (default)
    1.00
    Cost of equity
    12.5%
    Terminal growth
    3.0%

    Factor scorecard

    Neutral profile · Score 70/100

    FactorValueScoreWeight used
    ROIC · Quality37.9%92 (vs peers)16%
    Net margin · Quality33.1%88 (vs peers)10%
    FCF conversion · Quality57.6%39 (on a fixed band)10%
    Revenue CAGR 3Y · Growth20.4%100 (on a fixed band)13%
    EPS CAGR 3Y · Growth23.5%100 (on a fixed band)13%
    Net debt / EBITDA · Balance sheet0.7x29 (vs peers)16%
    Interest coverage · Balance sheet18.8x100 (on a fixed band)10%
    Current ratio · Balance sheet0.8x0 (on a fixed band)6%
    P/E (TTM) · Valuationunavailableunavailable—
    EV/EBITDA · Valuationunavailableunavailable—
    FCF yield · Valuationunavailableunavailable—
    Shareholder yield (distributions) · Returnsunavailableunavailable—
    Payout ratio (FCF) · Returns87.8%46 (on a fixed band)6%

    Factors without a value were dropped; the remaining weights were renormalised.

    Score groups

    • Balance sheet44/100 · 3/3 factors with a value
    • Growth100/100 · 2/2 factors with a value
    • Quality76/100 · 3/3 factors with a value
    • Returns· partial46/100 · 1/2 factors with a value
    • Valuation· partialunavailable · 0/3 factors with a value

    A «partial» group is computed from under half of its weight or from one factor: it is not a full assessment of the group.

    Memo

    NOVO NORDISK A/S (NVO). Latest full fiscal year: 2025; data up to 2025-12-31.

    Figures computed from the financial statements: revenue 309.1 bn DKK in 2025; YoY growth 6.4%; net margin 33.1%; ROE 60.7%; net debt/EBITDA 0.7x.

    The estimated value range is 405.61–999.90 DKK per share (median of 1 methods, agreement: single method); assumptions are illustrative. The range is the median of the methods' low, central and high values, not a probability interval.

    olivLaw score 70/100, methodological classification: neutral profile (score, margin of safety and method agreement together; not a judgement of the right price). Groups assessed only in part: returns, valuation. Not investment advice.

    Text generated deterministically from the figures shown; no language model. Not investment advice.

    What supports the thesis

    • ROIC: 37.9%
    • Net margin: 33.1%
    • Revenue CAGR 3Y: 20.4%
    • EPS CAGR 3Y: 23.5%
    • Interest coverage: 18.8x

    What contradicts it

    • Net debt / EBITDA: 0.7x
    • Current ratio: 0.8x

    Not assessed (insufficient data or a ratio without meaning): P/E (TTM), EV/EBITDA, FCF yield, Shareholder yield (distributions).

    Versus the vertical median

    Pharmaceutical Preparations (SIC 2834) · same industry (4-digit SIC) · compared with 39 companies

    Multiples and returns vs the median

    P/E
    —
    vertical median 38.6x
    EV/EBITDA
    —
    vertical median 25.4x
    P/S
    —
    vertical median 6.7x
    P/B
    —
    vertical median 4.1x
    ROE
    60.7%
    vertical median -6.2%
    above median
    Net margin
    33.1%
    vertical median 3.6%
    above median (+814.3%)
    EBIT margin
    41.3%
    vertical median -8.1%
    above median
    Revenue YoY
    6.4%
    vertical median 6.0%
    above median (+6.2%)
    Net debt/EBITDA
    0.7x
    vertical median -0.1x
    above median
    Dividend yield
    —
    vertical median 2.2%

    Price rebased to 100 (monthly, 5 years)

    Companies in the vertical

    Market capP/EROENet marginRevenue YoY1A / 3A
    LLYEli Lilly And Company1,334.0 bn46.086.1%31.9%+44.7%+32% / +140%
    JNJJohnson & Johnson665.2 bn41.920.0%16.2%+6.0%+34% / +79%
    ONCBeone Medicines Ltd.558.4 bn869.914.7%10.7%+40.2%+11% / +102%
    ABBVAbbVie Inc.521.1 bn50.7—15.7%+8.6%+29% / +107%
    MRKMerck & Co., Inc.370.7 bn154.75.1%3.6%+1.3%+43% / +47%
    ABTAbbott Laboratories200.1 bn43.09.2%9.7%+5.7%−10% / +11%
    PFEPfizer Inc175.5 bn43.94.4%6.3%−1.6%+20% / +1%
    VRTXVertex Pharmaceuticals Inc139.2 bn35.320.8%30.7%+8.9%+27% / +55%
    BMYBristol-Myers Squibb Company131.2 bn14.244.1%18.5%−0.2%+30% / +30%
    TEVATeva Pharmaceutical Industries Limited48.8 bn97.46.6%3.6%+4.3%+56% / +326%
    ZTSZoetis Inc.36.9 bn14.764.4%27.5%+2.3%−30% / −50%
    ROIVRoivant Sciences Ltd.27.6 bn—-6.2%-3,535.0%−71.6%+84% / +300%
    RPRXRoyalty Pharma plc26.2 bn47.76.9%25.7%+5.1%+69% / +150%
    UTHRUnited Therapeutics Corporation25.9 bn23.019.1%38.6%+10.6%+25% / +154%
    INSMInsmed Inc24.1 bn—-72.5%-39.9%+66.7%−47% / +340%
    VTRSViatris Inc.22.1 bn—-23.6%-23.9%−3.0%+80% / +109%
    ALNYAlnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc.21.6 bn8.1126.6%52.8%+65.2%−64% / −4%
    TGTXTg Therapeutics, Inc.9.4 bn22.5100.3%55.2%+87.3%+85% / +381%
    BLRXBioLineRx Ltd4.9 bn—-12.8%-171.7%−95.9%−46% / −97%
    AGIOAgios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.1.9 bn—-34.3%-418.2%+48.0%+7% / +41%
    SLSSELLAS Life Sciences Group, Inc.1.8 bn—-39.6%—−100.0%+464% / +779%
    SVRASavara Inc957.4 m—-105.5%—unavailable−26% / +21%
    PBYIPuma Biotechnology, Inc.551.8 m20.522.0%11.6%−0.9%+112% / +174%
    STTKShattuck Labs, Inc.516.9 m—-39.2%-5,256.8%−82.5%+145% / +163%
    PHATPhathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc.461.7 m——-30.2%+216.9%−64% / −19%

    1- and 3-year price returns: for NVO from daily closes (the same as the performance table), for the other companies from month-end closes.

    olivLaw engine forecast

    The world engine ran after the company's latest material disclosure. Probabilities are of TOUCHING a level within the horizon (not closing there) and sit next to the random walk (p_rw), the no-information benchmark.

    The engine has no published run for this company yet.

    Valuation scenarios (editable assumptions)

    Illustrative scenarios

    Scenarios are not available. input data missing

    AI analysis

    AI-generatedAI-generated analysis (Claude) from cited public sources; it may contain errors. Not investment advice. As of 27 Oct 2026 · Model: claude-haiku-5-5.

    Possibly outdated: the newest document it read is from 04 Feb 2026; since then the company filed 6-K (04 Nov 2026), 6-K (03 Nov 2026), 6-K (26 Oct 2026), 6-K (19 Oct 2026), 6-K (13 Oct 2026), 6-K (06 Oct 2026).

    In brief

    Novo Nordisk is a Danish pharmaceutical company and a world leader in obesity and diabetes care, with products marketed in approximately 170 countries 1. The company is going through a transformation and intense GLP-1 competition, while patent expirations could weigh on sales from 2026 1.

    SWOT

    Strengths

    • The company has a GLP-1 product portfolio with very large sales and a global presence in hundreds of countries 1.
    • Ongoing investment in research and development supports a flow of new products and patent protection 1.
    • The company is a global reference in obesity and diabetes treatment, with long experience in insulin 1.

    Weaknesses

    • The company has lost volume market share in the GLP-1 market to competitors 1.
    • Periodic supply constraints affected certain products, including the leading product by sales 1.
    • The company went through a broad restructuring with job cuts, which could affect execution in the short term 1.

    Opportunities

    • Wider access to anti-obesity medicines through Medicare and direct-to-patient channels could increase volumes 1.
    • The Akero acquisition could open a new therapeutic area in MASH if the candidate under development is approved 1.
    • New GLP-1 formulations and combinations could expand the treated market 1.

    Threats

    • Patent expirations and generic entry could reduce sales of some major products 1.
    • Price pressure from pharmacy benefit managers and government programmes could reduce revenue 1.
    • Compounding pharmacies selling unapproved copies of the company's products could weigh on demand for the originals 1.

    Risks

    • Competition in GLP-1high

      Increased competition in the US and outside the US has led to loss of volume market share, and this could continue 1.

    • Patent expirationshigh

      Expiring patents could affect sales from 2026, and litigation with generic makers is ongoing 1.

    • Pricing pressuremedium

      Price pressure in the US and Medicare negotiations could reduce margins in the coming years 1.

    • Cybersecuritymedium

      A cyber attack or a personal data breach could disrupt operations and bring regulatory penalties 1.

    • Climate and water riskslow

      Natural events and water scarcity could disrupt production, and climate targets depend on lower-carbon technologies 1.

    Investment thesis

    What would need to be true (bull case)

    • If demand for GLP-1 keeps growing and distribution improves, sales of Wegovy and Ozempic could sustain growth 1.
    • The Akero acquisition could add a new MASH portfolio if ongoing clinical studies succeed 1.
    • Expanded US access programmes could bring new patients at lower prices but with higher volumes 1.

    What would break the thesis

    • If loss of volume market share continues, the company may not regain its leading position in the GLP-1 market 1.
    • Patent expirations and generic entry could materially reduce revenue from mature products 1.
    • US pricing pressure could reduce margins, especially once Medicare negotiated prices take effect in 2027 1.

    What to watch

    • Evolution of GLP-1 volume market share in the USQ1 2027
    • Effects of the Medicare Part D obesity programme2027
    • Phase 3 results for efruxifermin in MASHnext 10-K
    • Impact of patent expirations on 2026 sales2026

    Products, market & competition

    AI-generatedAI-generated analysis (Claude) from cited public sources; it may contain errors. Not investment advice. As of 27 Oct 2026 · Model: claude-haiku-5-5.

    Possibly outdated: the newest document it read is from 04 Feb 2026; since then the company filed 6-K (04 Nov 2026), 6-K (03 Nov 2026), 6-K (26 Oct 2026), 6-K (19 Oct 2026), 6-K (13 Oct 2026), 6-K (06 Oct 2026).

    The business

    Novo Nordisk A/S was formed in 1989 by a merger of two Danish companies and began with the production of insulin for diabetes; it is headquartered in Denmark 1. The company employs more than 69,500 people and operates in two segments, Obesity and Diabetes care and Rare disease 1. Its B shares are listed on Nasdaq Copenhagen and its ADRs on the New York Stock Exchange as NVO 1.

    Segments

    Obesity and Diabetes care

    This segment includes the GLP-1 products Ozempic, Wegovy and Saxenda, as well as modern and human insulins. Ozempic had global sales of more than DKK 127 billion in 2025, while Wegovy grew 36% to DKK 79 billion 1. Wegovy Pill launched in the first quarter of 2026 1.

    Rare disease

    This segment consists mainly of growth hormone and haemophilia products. It is smaller but holds a stable position in the company's portfolio 1.

    Market context

    The diabetes treatment market keeps growing as more people are diagnosed, and the anti-obesity market, especially GLP-1, is expanding quickly. The source notes the global branded obesity market doubled by volume in 2025, and obesity care sales of Saxenda and Wegovy reached DKK 82,347 million 1. The most important markets in 2025 were the United States, China, Canada, Japan and the major European countries 1.

    Trends

    • Rising demand for GLP-1tailwind

      Use of GLP-1 for type 2 diabetes and obesity has increased significantly and the market has expanded considerably 1. This growth could support the company's sales if demand holds.

    • Pricing pressure in the USheadwind

      Pharmacy benefit managers in the US are pressuring prices, and Medicare Part D negotiated prices for semaglutide products take effect in 2027 1. The agreement with the US administration could expand access but at lower prices 1.

    • Patent expirationsheadwind

      Expiring patents could affect sales starting in 2026, and the Victoza compound patent has already expired in the US 1. Generic makers have filed applications for several products, and the company is litigating against them 1.

    • Compounding and supplymixed

      Compounding pharmacies in the US have introduced unapproved copies of GLP-1 products, which the company opposes 1. Supply improved through 2025 as manufacturing scaled, which could support demand 1.

    Competitive position

    Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly are the most significant companies in the global diabetes and GLP-1 markets measured by market share 1. The company has lost volume market share in GLP-1 markets for obesity and diabetes due to increased competition in the US and outside the US 1.

    • Eli LillyLLY

      The most significant competitor in the global diabetes and GLP-1 markets according to the source 1.

    • Insulin biosimilar makers

      Local competitors in China and other producers have developed or launched insulin biosimilars that compete with the company's products 1.

    • Generic drug makers

      Several generic makers have filed applications for GLP-1 generic versions, and some have already secured launch licences 1.

    • Large international pharmaceutical companies

      Several major international pharmaceutical and smaller biotech companies are developing anti-obesity medications, adding competitive pressure 1.

    News & filings

    In the press

    Sources

    1. [1] Form 20-F, fiscal year ended 2025-12-31 · SEC / Novo Nordisk A/S · 04 Feb 2026

    Figures computed by olivLaw from SEC filings and closing prices; the qualitative analysis is AI-generated from cited sources. Not investment advice.